Honing mandrel

ABSTRACT

This invention relates to simple type of honing tool for accurately finishing the interior surface of a cylindrical hole in a work piece. It has contained within its body portion and electronic device with means to measure and control the degree of a predetermined amount of finish to the workpiece and to shut off the power when the desired degree of finish is obtained. Another feature of this improved honing tool is that its construction is such that it may be used to finish the interior surface of blind holes in a workpiece.

United States Patent Morgan [54] HONING MANDREL [72] lnventor: Thomas M.Morgan, 2404 E. River Road,

Tucson, Ariz. 85718 [22] Filed: June 2, 1969 [21] Appl. No.: 829,238

Related U.S. Application Data [63] Continuation of Ser. No. 631,l 15,Apr., 1967, abandoned.

[52] U.S. Cl ..51/338 [51] Int. Cl ....B24b 9/02 [58] Field of Search.....51/338-346 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES N 2,083,400 6/1937 Roseeta]: ..51/346 1 Mar. 28, 1972 2,345,930 4/1944 Fulner ..51/343 2,45,2777/1948 Mitchell ..51/346 Primary Examirier-Othell M. SimpsonAttorney-Edward J. Cowan [57] ABSTRACT This invention relates to simpletype of honing tool for accurately finishing the interior surface of acylindrical hole in a work piece. It has contained within its bodyportion and electronic device with means to measure and control thedegree of a predetermined amount of finish to the workpiece and to shutoff the power when the desired degree of finish is obtained. Anotherfeature of this improved hon'mg tool is that its construction is suchthat it may be used to finish the interior surface of blind holes in aworkpiece.

3 Claims, 7 Drawing Figures Patented March 28, 1972 cm f "ZZZ-,1..

mm on ES N VA R WW 0 mam HONING MANDREL This application is continuationin part of my copending application Ser. No. 631,115, filed Apr. 12,1967, now abandoned.

This invention describes honing mandrels which are tools to be used witha production type of honing machine not a part of this invention, whichmachine will apply rotational and longitudinal motion to the honingmandrel. This invention relates to a honing tool of simple constructionand provides a means of quick change of honing abrasive without the useof any type of tools by the releasing of a pair of resilient members.

A feature of this invention is the provision of a cavity within thehoning mandrel for retaining an electronic device to control andindicate the degree of metal removed on the interior surface of aworkpiece without removing the mandrel from the production type ofhoning machine.

This invention relates to machine tools and more particularly to ahoning mandrel for use in a honing machine which provides rotational andlongitudinal or forward motion during the production of the honingoperations, which mandrel is of relatively simple construction and yet,gives a fine finish of the interior surface of a workpiece or device tobe honed while at the same time maintaining extremely close tolerance.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple honingmandrel which may be interchangeably mounted in existing honing machineswithout modification of such machines.

Heretofore, many different types of honing mandrels have been proposedand many of these were objectionable, in that, they were extremelycomplicated and difficult to provide parts of sufficient strength towithstand vibration and wear and furthermore. the abrasive holder sizeof such prior art mandrels was limited by the size of the housing andcomponent parts. Difficulty was likewise experienced in previousmandrels in the changing of the abrasive members, in maintainingaccurate adjustment of the abrasive members and, in certain designs suchabrasive members tended to move radially outward from the mandrel whenthe same was withdrawn from an internal surface of a workpiece due tothe centrifugal forces set up by speed and rotation of the mandrel.

Another object of this invention is to provide a mandrel which providesquick means of changing abrasive members without the use of tools by therelease of a pair of resilient members.

A still further object of the invention is the provision of a honingmandrel which provides a three point contact with the interior surfaceof the aperture in a workpiece to be honed.

Another object of this invention is the provision of a cavity within thebody member of the honing mandrel for retaining an electronic device tocontrol and indicate the degree of metal removed on the interior surfaceof a workpiece without removing the mandrel from the production type ofhoning machine.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a honing mandrel inwhich adjustment of an abrasive member or members may be accomplished bylongitudinal or forward movement of the mandrel with relation to such anabrasive member, there being provided cooperation wedged surfaces andresilientmeans for holding such surfaces in working engagement, therebymaintaining a proper adjustment of the abrasive member.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a honing mandrel inwhich adjustment of an abrasive member may be accomplished by movementof the wedge with relation to the abrasive member by the provision ofcooperating cam surfaces and resilient means for holding such surfacesin operative engagement, with a workpiece.

A still further object of the invention is the provision of a honingmandrel in which all of the parts fit together relatively tight inrelationship order to maintain accurate adjustment and also to preventundue centrifugal vibration or chatter due to the outward displacementfrom center of the adjusting member thereby resulting in an extremelysmooth or fine finish to the interior honed surface, as well as anaccurate diameter.

A still further object of the invention is the provision of a honingmandrel in which a cam is provided in the mandrel and in which spacedsurfaces are provided on cage ends at spaced intervals for holding theabrasives and guide blocks, which spaced surfaces cooperate with the camsurfaces to maintain the stone and guide blocks in accurate alignmentand thus prevent tilting or undesired movement thereof, other than inthe desired radial direction.

A still further object of the invention of the provision of a honingmandrel for blind holes, in which adjustment of the abrasive member isaccomplished by movement of a cam bar and is maintained against relativemovement with respect to the mandrel and the cam member.

A further object of the mandrel of this invention is to provide a spacewithin the body portion for retaining electronic means for automaticsize control also to provide a remote size measurement remote from themandrel.

A further object of the mandrel is to provide a space within the mandrelfor an electronic and automatic size control for the remote reading ofsize measurement by means of a cam actuated linkage and an electronicmember such as for example a variable capacitor or an inductance whichchanges the frequency of a tuned high frequency circuit.

A further object on the mandrel is to provide a housing in whichelectronic means provides automatic size control device and a remotemeter reading means to measure the amount of metal removed on aworkpiece.

A further object of the mandrel is to provide an easily manufacturedhousing for automatic size control device whereby internal diametermeasurement is made by connecting the electronic means by conductorsattached to and connected with collector rings on the mandrel. 1

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent fromthe following description taken in conjunction with the accompanyingdrawing wherein;

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal view partly in section showing the mandrel ofthis invention.

FIG. 2 is a rear end view partly in section of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a cross section of FIG. 1 taken on line B.

FIG. 4 is a sectional elevation, the section being taken on line B ofFIG. 1 with the guide members removed.

FIG. 4A is an enlarged section of an end portion of FIG. 4.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing the use of the electronic device ofthis invention in the form of a variable condenser.

FIG. 6 is another circuit diagram showing the use of a variableinductance as the electronic device.

Referring now in detail to FIG. 1 of the drawing, 1 is the main mandrelsupporting body the forward end portion having engaging means indicatedby lines A and B, C and D for securing the mandrel of this invention ina honing machine which machine is the type used for honing workpieces inproduction and is not part of this invention. The honing productionmachine provides both rotational and longitudinal or forward movement tothe mandrel of this invention. IA is the rear end portion of supportingbody 1 which supports rods 3, 3A, and 3B. Guide members 3C shown insection in FIG. 3 are interposed between rods 3, 3A, and 3B and nestedin with the honing abrasive members. Three slots 1B are also located atthe end portion 1A of the body member 1. The wedged discs 2 and 2A eachhave a serrated edge for their free passage on the rods 3, 3A, and 3B.Part 4 is a disclike end member having three angular slots or grooves 1Csimilar to the slots 1B located at the end portion 1A of member 1. 5 isthe central threaded rod or central control member by which longitudinalor forward movement from the production honing machine is applied by theforward end of engaging member 5A. Part 6 indicates the retainingsprings or 0 rings for entry into grooves 1D and 6A. The end of rod 5opposite engaging member 5A is provided with an adjustment knob 53 and alocking screw SC to apply friction on the threads or rod 5 as it passesfreely through a cavity 8 in main supporting body at 1A. Rod 5 hassecured thereto a cam 7 which is manually adjusted and so positioned onthe rod by a pin 7A located on the cam 7 in the cavity 8 as to actuate asensor or electronic device to to shut off the power to the productionmachine and indicate externally the measurement of the finish on theworkpiece. The cam 7 actuates a linkage system 78 which by the means ofa lever 7C thus it increases the movement of the system. The necessaryelectrical leads or conductors from the sensor device pass through theholes 8A and 88 to an external control and a measuring indicator. Theelectrical leads are connected to the external control by brushes andsuitable leads not shown in FIG. 1 to the collector rings 26 and 26A.FIGS. 3 and 4 indicate the three holders 13 each are for retaining thehoning members 14. Holders 13 each have two wedged shaped surfaces 13Aand 13B and which surfaces engage the exterior tapered or wedged portionof discs 2 and 2A which discs are arranged to be threaded on rod 5 sothat the surface of the wedged portion 13A and 13B ride uponlongitudinal movement of rod 5 to expand the stones 14 in order to havethe interior surface of the workpiece to be honed. The end portion 14Ashows how the stones can extend beyond members 13 and 5D to hone blindinterior surfaces.

In the operation of the mandrel of this invention before the actual ofthe operation by the production machine is started to hone a workpiecethe following manual arrangements and adjustments are made on the honingtool.

First, three of the proper abrasive stones with the holders 13 arearranged to slide in the slots 1B as shown in detail in FIGS. 4 and 4Aand slots 1C in the disc end member 4 shown at the far end of FIG. 1.

Second, referring to FIG. 4A one of the two retaining springs 6 isplaced in groove 18 and the other one is placed in groove 1D and eachspring is then placed over each end of holders l3 and held in positionby grooves 13D.

Third, the three guide members 3C are interposed between each of theholders l3 and also retained by spring 6 thus holding the guide member3C and abrasive members 14 nested together as shown in FIG. 3 to be inoperative engagement without the use of any tools.

Fourth, the wedged disc 2 and 2A are moved or adjusted to a position onthreaded rod 5 so as to bear against the larger cut away portions on theunder side of members 13 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4A. In this positionthe abrasive members will be in the position of the start of honing ofthe workpiece as indicated by dotted lines 33 shown by FIGS. 5 and 6.

Fifth, the cam 7 is then adjusted on control rod 5 so that the camfollower of the linkage system 7B rides on the lower or right handportion of the cam and when it is in this position it is equal to thestart of the honing of the workpiece as indicated by the dotted lines 33in FIGS. 5 and 6. When this starting position is obtained the cam issecured to rod 5 by pin 7A.

Sixth, as the honing tool is now adjusted for the proper operation it isthen secured at points A, B, C, and D as indicated at the forwardportion of part 1 in FIG. 1 for rotation by the action ofa productionmachine not shown.

Seventh, in order to keep the abrasive stones 14 expanded by the disc 2and 2A riding against surfaces or in contact therewith 13A and 138 aforward motion is then provided by the production machine being securedat 5A to rod 5 As the rotation of the honing tool progress from thestart of honing of the workpiece indicated by dotted lines 33 shown byFIGS. 5 and 6 to the finished position 32, the forward movement of rod 5continues from the start position 33 to the finished position 32 byaction of the disc2 and 2A bearing against the cut away portions 13A and13B to expand the honing member to engage the inner surface ofaworkpiece not shown. As the rod 5 also has cam 7 secured thereto inproper relation to each of the discs 2 and 2A. Then when the abrasivemembers have continued to be expanded by the forward action of disc 2and 2A to the finished interior of the workpiece indicated by lines 32the cam follower and linkage system 713 will have risen to the highestpoint on cam 7 to shut off the power of the production machine. When thepower is shut off the rod 5 moves backward and springs 6 collapse andalso the honing members 14.

A honing fluid or lubricant is applied to the stones 14 and guidemembers 3C which are interposed and nested between the abrasive membersor stones.

As the honing operation proceeds as outlined above the cam 7 which hasbeen manually positioned in proper alignment on rod 5 by pin 7A moveslongitudinally to the right to a higher position so as to actuate thesensor device to indicate external measuring and control means throughthe linkage system 7B and lever 7C to shut off the power to theproduction machine to stop the honing operation. In one such electricalcircuit method as referred to in FIG. 5 there is shown a variablecapacitor 20 which is preferable in the form of a high dielectricconstant type to provide a large change of electrical capacity so that asmall mechanical movement of cam 7 thru the linkage 7B and 7C willprovide a substantial change in the frequency of a tuned electrical highfrequency circuit 21 which circuit may be in the order of 700 kc. and achange of 5 cycles for example will indicate a change in diameter of oneone-thousandths of an inch, such a circuit also includes an inductance22B preferably that of the iron core type. The iron core being indicatedby numeral 23. The high frequency for circuit 21 is generated by asuitable frequency generator 21A the proper connections being made bythe leads 27 and 28.

Another form of this invention is shown by FIG. 6 wherein the frequencyof the tuned circuit may be changed by substituting a core 23A forcapacitor 20 of FIG. 5. The frequency in this case being changed by themovement of the core 23A the features of this circuit will be explainedin more detail later by changing the inductance of a coil 22A. Theelectrical conductors 24 and 25 of FIG. 5 pass through the holes 8A and8B to a collector ring 26 and 26A which are also shown in FIG. 1. Theother collector ring 26 may be omitted and connection may be taken offdirectly from the forward body portion of the mandrel. From thecollector rings 26 and 26A there is connected by the leads 27 and 28another variable capacitor 20A and an inductance 228 each of which formthe other portion of the H. F. tuned circuit. Electrical connections 27and 28 are then connected to an external amplifier circuit 29 outlinedin block form. It is not necessary to show such a circuit in detail assuch amplifiers are well known in the electrical art. The output fromthe amplifier circuit is connected by means of conductors 30 and 31 to afrequency meter 32 which may be of the type having a scale to indicate achange in the diameter of the workpiece. The finished interior surfaceof workpiece being indicated by dash lines 32 and the originalunfinished interior surface being indicated by the dotted lines 33.

Referring now in detail to FIG.-6 there is shown the other electricalcircuit mentioned above which also includes a portion ofa high frequencycircuit 34 in which the iron core 23A is actuated by cam 7 and linkage7B to provide a change in the frequency of the circuit 21 which circuitis externally connected to a similar amplifier circuit 29. The outputleads 35 and 36 which includes a battery not shown or electrical supplysource which connects to an electrical relay 38. The relay 38 is soadjusted that when a frequency corresponding to a predetermineddimension of the internal diameter 32 of the workpiece is arranged tohave conductors 39 and 40 shut off the power supply to the productionhoning machine and thus stop the honing of the finished workpiece.

I claim:

1. A honing machine of the type to be used in conjunction with aproduction honing machine which will apply both rotational andlongitudinal motion to said mandrel, comprising a body member havinglocated at one end thereof engaging means to be secured to therotational motion portion of said honing machine, a control rod likemember located within the central portion of said body member and havingengaging means at one end thereof to engage the longitudinal portion ofsaid honing machine, a plurality of rods secured to the end of said bodymember which is opposite the end of the engaging means and a pluralityof radial slots in said last mentioned end of said body member, a disclike member secured to the far end of said rods to form a cage likestructure and having a plurality of radial slots in a similar angularrelationship and facing the slots in the end of said body member, a pairof wedged disc members each adjustable secured to said control rod andhaving a serrated edge to permit their free passage on said rod, aplurality of abrasive members radially located within and having anupper edge extending beyond said rods, a holder for each of saidabrasive members having their ends arranged to slide in said radialslots, and a pair of wedged slots located in the lower portion thereofso as to be in contact with the wedged edges of each of said wedgeddisc, a resilient member surrounding each end of each one of saidabrasive holders to retain them in said radial slots and to be inoperative engagement with the wedge edges of one of said disc to expandthe abrasive members by the action of the longitudinal portion of theproduction honing machine on said control rod and the rotation of saidbody member by the rotational portion of the production honing machineto hone the interior surface of a workpiece.

2. A honing machine of the type to be used with a production honingmachine which will apply both rotational and longitudinal motion to saidmandrel, comprising a body member having a cavity portion and engagingmeans with the rotational portion of said production honing machine, acontrol rod located within the central portion of said body member andhaving engaging means at one end thereof to engage the longitudinalportion of said production honing machines, a plurality of abrasivemembers adjustable arranged at the far end of said control rod and saidbody member, a cam member adjustable arranged on said control rod at aposition within said cavity portion, and electronic sensor device withinsaid cavity portion and linkage means between said cam member and saidsensor device to shut off the power to said production honing machinewhen a predetermined size is honed on a workpiece.

3. A honing mandrel of the type to be used in conjunction with aproduction honing machine which will apply both rotational andlongitudinal motion to said mandrel, comprising a body member havinglocated at one end thereof engaging means to be secured to therotational portion of said honing machine, a control rod like memberlocated within the central portion and having engaging means at one endthereof to engage the longitudinal portion of said honing machine, aplurality of rods secured to the end of said body portion, a disc likemember secured to the far end of said rods to form a cage like structureand having a plurality of radial slots in a similar angular relationshipand facing the slots in the end of said body member, a pair of wedgeddisc members each adjustable secured to said control rod and having aserrated edge to permit their free passage on said rods, a plurality ofabrasive members radially located within and having an upper edgeextending beyond said rods, each of said abrasive members being of sucha length as to have its far end extend beyond said disc like member topermit the honing of the interior surface of a blind hole in aworkpiece, a holder for said abrasive members having their ends arrangedto slide in said radial slots, and a pair of wedged slots located in thelower portion thereof so as to be in contact with the wedged edges ofeach said wedged disc, a resilient member surrounding each end of eachone of said abrasive holders to retain them in said radial slots and tobe in operative engagement with the wedge edges of each one of said discto expand the abrasive members by the action of the longitudinal portionof the production honing machine on said control rod and the rotation ofsaid body member by the rotational portion of the production honingmachine to hone the interior surface of a blind hole in said workpiece.

1. A honing machine of the type to be used in conjunction with aproduction honing machine which will apply both rotational andlongitudinal motion to said mandrel, comprising a body member havinglocated at one end thereof engaging means to be secured to therotational motion portion of said honing machine, a control rod likemember located within the central portion of said body member and havingengaging means at one end thereof to engage the longitudinal portion ofsaid honing machine, a plurality of rods secured to the end of said bodymember which is opposite the end of the engaging means and a pluralityof radial slots in said last mentioned end of said body member, a disclike member secured to the far end of said rods to form a cage likestructure and having a plurality of radial slots in a similar angularrelationship and facing the slots in the end of said body member, a pairof wedged disc members each adjustable secured to said control rod andhaving a serrated edge to permit their free passage on said rod, aplurality of abrasive members radially located within and having anupper edge extending beyond said rods, a holder for each of saidabrasive members having their ends arranged to slide in said radialslots, and a pair of wedged slots located in the lower portion thereofso as to be in contact with the wedged edges of each of said wedgeddisc, a resilient member surrounding each end of each one of saidabrasive holders to retain them in said radial slots and to be inoperative engagement with the wedge edges of one of said disc to expandthe abrasive members by the action of the longitudinal portion of theproduction honing machine on said control rod and the rotation of saidbody member by the rotational portion of the production honing machineto hone the interior surface of a workpiece.
 2. A honing machine of thetype to be used with a production honing machine which will apply bothrotational and longitudinal motion to said mandrel, comprising a bodymember having a cavity portion and engaging means with the rotationalportion of said production honing machine, a control rod located withinthe central portion of said body member and having engaging means at oneend thereof to engage the longitudinal portion of said production honingmachines, a plurality of abrasive members adjustable arranged at the farend of said control rod and said body member, a cam member adjustablearranged on said control rod at a position within said cavity portion,and electronic sensor device within said cavity portion and linkagemeans between said cam member and said sensor device to shut off thepower to said production honing machine when a predetermined size ishoned on a workpiece.
 3. A honing mandrel of the type to be used inconjunction with a production honing machine which will apply bothrotational and longitudinal motion to said mandrel, comprising a bodymember having located at one end thereof engaging means to be secured tothe rotational portion of said honing machine, a control rod like memberlocated within the central portion and having engaging means at one endthereof to engage the longitudinal portion of said honing machine, aplurality of rods secured to the end of said body portion, a disc likemember secured to the far end of said rods to form a cage like structureand having a plurality of radial slots in a similar angular relationshipand facing the slots in the end of said body member, a pair of wedgeddisc members each adjustable secured to said control rod and having aserrated edge to permit their free passage on said rods, a plurality ofabrasive members radially located within and having an upper edgeextending beyond said rods, each of said abrasive members being of sucha length as to have its far end extend beyond said disc like member topermit the honing of the interior surface of a blind hole in aworkpiece, a holder for said abrasive members having their ends arrangedto slide in said radial slots, and a pair of wedged slots located in thelower portion thereof so as to be in contact with the wedged edges ofeach said wedged disc, a resilent member surrounding each end of eachone of said abrasive holders to retain them in said radial slots and tobe in operative engagement with the wedge edges of each one of said discto expand the abrasive members by the action of the longitudinal portionof the production honing machine on said control rod and the rotation ofsaid body member by the rotational portion of the production honingmachine to hone the interior surface of a blind hole in said workpiece.